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購(gòu)買(mǎi)進(jìn)口儀器、試劑和耗材——就在始于2001年的畢特博生物 www.fzy888.com |
美國(guó)研究人員29日說(shuō),他們可能破解了多吃紅肉增加患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之謎,這也許與一種叫做Neu5Gc的糖類(lèi)分子有關(guān)。 紅肉主要是指牛肉、羊肉和豬肉等哺乳動(dòng)物的肉。此前研究表明,人類(lèi)長(zhǎng)期食用紅肉會(huì)增加多種癌癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn),如胰腺癌、肺癌等,但其中的原因卻一直沒(méi)有弄清楚。但研究人員觀(guān)察發(fā)現(xiàn),人類(lèi)以外的其他食肉動(dòng)物吃太多紅肉似乎患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較低。 加利福尼亞大學(xué)圣迭戈分校研究人員當(dāng)天在美國(guó)《國(guó)家科學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》上報(bào)告說(shuō),紅肉中含有一種叫Neu5Gc的糖類(lèi)分子,多數(shù)食肉動(dòng)物自身會(huì)產(chǎn)生這種分子,但人類(lèi)卻不會(huì)。因此,人類(lèi)食用紅肉后會(huì)把其中的Neu5Gc分子當(dāng)成外來(lái)分子,從而引發(fā)針對(duì)性的免疫反應(yīng),不斷產(chǎn)生抗體進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致炎癥,而炎癥會(huì)促進(jìn)腫瘤的形成。而其他動(dòng)物由于體內(nèi)有這種分子存在,免疫反應(yīng)不會(huì)被觸發(fā)。 為驗(yàn)證這一理論,研究人員利用體內(nèi)無(wú)法產(chǎn)生Neu5Gc分子的轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,喂食Neu5Gc分子的轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是對(duì)照組正常小鼠的5倍。 負(fù)責(zé)研究的阿吉特·瓦爾吉教授在一份聲明中說(shuō):“我們首次直接證明,模擬人體內(nèi)的實(shí)際情況——喂食人體自身不會(huì)產(chǎn)生的Neu5Gc分子和誘發(fā)抗Neu5Gc抗體——會(huì)增加小鼠自發(fā)性癌癥發(fā)生幾率。”但瓦爾吉也指出,要在人類(lèi)身上獲得最終證據(jù)會(huì)困難得多。 瓦爾吉表示,這一工作也有助解釋食用紅肉與其他慢性炎癥相關(guān)疾病如動(dòng)脈硬化和Ⅱ型糖尿病之間的潛在聯(lián)系。 這項(xiàng)研究并不要求人們放棄食用紅肉。瓦爾吉說(shuō),適量食用紅肉是年輕人一個(gè)重要營(yíng)養(yǎng)來(lái)源,“我們希望通過(guò)研究最終找到針對(duì)這一難題的實(shí)際解決方案”。 原文標(biāo)題:A red meat-derived glycan promotes inflammation and cancer progression Abstract A well known, epidemiologically reproducible risk factor for human carcinomas is the long-term consumption of “red meat” of mammalian origin. Although multiple theories have attempted to explain this human-specific association, none have been conclusively proven. We used an improved method to survey common foods for free and glycosidically bound forms of the nonhuman sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), showing that it is highly and selectively enriched in red meat. The bound form of Neu5Gc is bioavailable, undergoing metabolic incorporation into human tissues, despite being a foreign antigen. Interactions of this antigen with circulating anti-Neu5Gc antibodies could potentially incite inflammation. Indeed, when human-like Neu5Gc-deficient mice were fed bioavailable Neu5Gc and challenged with anti-Neu5Gc antibodies, they developed evidence of systemic inflammation. Such mice are already prone to develop occasional tumors of the liver, an organ that can incorporate dietary Neu5Gc. Neu5Gc-deficient mice immunized against Neu5Gc and fed bioavailable Neu5Gc developed a much higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas, with evidence of Neu5Gc accumulation. Taken together, our data provide an unusual mechanistic explanation for the epidemiological association between red meat consumption and carcinoma risk. This mechanism might also contribute to other chronic inflammatory processes epidemiologically associated with red meat consumption.(DOI:10.1073/PNAS.1417508112)
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購(gòu)買(mǎi)進(jìn)口儀器、試劑和耗材——就在始于2001年的畢特博生物
www.fzy888.com |
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